The shoulder's articular rim is a structure made up of ring-shaped fibrous cartilage tightly attached to the bony acetabulum. It deepens the acetabulum, so it contributes to the protection of the head of the humerus. The annulus and the joint cyst that attaches along the acetabulum play a key role in ensuring the stability of the joint. They protect it from the head slipping out of the acetabulum....

Children and adolescents, especially boys during puberty and rapid growth, can develop heel pain, which is referred to as Haglund-Severa disease. It is a condition categorized as sterile necrosis. The pain is not the result of a single injury, and depends more on physical activity and strenuous training. However, this is not the rule, as heel pain also occurs in young people who have nothing to do...

Groin pain, especially groin pain while walking, is described in the literature as a multifactorial condition in which a multitude of symptoms can overlap, causing difficulty in diagnosis. The most common non-joint cause of pain originating from the musculoskeletal system is pain in the adductor group muscles (inner side of the thigh) or hip flexors (anterior side of the thigh). A visit to an...

De Quervain's disease, also known as De Quervain's syndrome, is otherwise known as clenching tendonitis of the first extensor compartment of the hand. This compartment is located near the styloid process of the radius bone and contains the tendons of the long thumb and short thumb extensor muscles along with their sheaths.

Among the numerous injuries of runners, tibia pain can be the most bothersome and discouraging to training. This injury is hard to treat, which unfortunately also often recurs. Post-exercise pain in the shin splints, can happen not only to novice runners, but also to experienced athletes. What to do so that pain in the front of the tibia does not thwart our training plans?

Degeneration of the Achilles tendon (Achilles tendinopathy), or what is colloquially known as "Achilles tendonitis," affects the medial part (between the calcaneal tuberosity and the calf muscles) and results from superimposed micro-injuries of various causes: excessive running, excessive weight (overweight/obesity), improper foot positioning during activity. Overloading, tendon fibrosis and...

Enthesopathy of the medial epicondyle of the humerus, commonly referred to as golfer's elbow, is a pain syndrome of the wrist flexor muscle attachments located on the medial side of the elbow joint. The pain is usually associated with overloading of the wrist flexor muscle attachments.

Spondylolisthesis is a condition in which one vertebra moves forward in relation to the other. Among patients, there are two main groups: younger people, statistically under the age of 50 (with 30-40 year olds as a rule), and patients over the age of 50 (as a rule, they are around 60-70 years old).

The historical name for Osgood-Schlatter disease was sterile necrosis of the tibial tuberosity. We now know that it is an overload disease and not ischemic necrosis as previously thought. A common cause of knee pain in physically active adolescents is sometimes Osgood-Schlatter disease. This is an inflammation of the tibial tuberosity that progresses with local pain and swelling. The location of the...

Knee arthroscopy is now one of the more commonly performed procedures in orthopedic departments. This minimally invasive procedure allows for the treatment of a wide range of injuries we face in this, as well as other joints of our body. The arthroscopy method involves inserting a camera and specially created miniature instruments into the joint cavity, through small incisions in the skin, with which...

Hip endoprosthesis is considered one of the greatest medical advances of the last century. Hip degeneration is a condition that affects not only the elderly, the characteristic symptoms of the disease can bother people just after the age of 45. Hip pain, gait abnormalities, stiffness and restriction in range of motion, as well as skipping in the hip, this is what patients most often face. Late...

Palmar tendon contracture, known as Dupuytren's disease, is characterized by a benign proliferation of the palmar tendon with subsequent flexion contracture of the fingers. The etiology of the disease is unclear. A number of factors are listed as contributing to the disease, including genetic conditions. It can occur familially, and is more common in people with diabetes, epilepsy, liver disease and...

Embarrassing, unsightly, and perhaps lowering self-esteem... hallux valgus is not just a cosmetic problem. The hallux valgus toe, this is the correct name of the condition, is one of the most common deformities of the front of the foot. Hallux valgus manifests itself as an unnatural bending of the toe and its lateral deviation from the axis towards the other toes of the foot. At the same time, a...

Recurrent dislocation of the shoulder joint, with a feeling of insecurity in the joint, is referred to as shoulder instability. It occurs most often after dislocation as a result of trauma, less often it occurs against a background of soft tissue flaccidity. The stability of the shoulder joint is influenced by a number of factors: the correct shape of the bone, the articular casing, the joint capsule...

Although the ailment is called tennis elbow, it has little to do with tennis. Classic tennis elbow is an enthesopathy of the extensor muscles of the wrist, or simply put, overload lesions of the tendon attachments to the bone. These changes occur as a result of overlapping micro-injuries.